Article 1 Issue 2021

UDK 159.944.4.072:159.923

ISSN 2466-2992 (Online) (2021) br.1, p. 8-14

COBISS.SR-ID 46917129

BURNOUT SYNDROME

Dejan Veljković

Department of Medical Care of the Gendarmerie in Kraljevo,Serbia

Summary:

INTRODUCTION: Burnout syndrome at work is a prolonged response to chronic emotional and interpersonal stressors associated with the workplace. It is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment. It arises as a consequence of uncoordinated relations between employees and the work environment.

DATA SOURCE AND THE CHOICE OF MATERIAL: A retrospective analysis of literature with determinants: Burnout syndrom. The search was carried out through: PubMed, Medline and electronic journals available through KoBSON.

RESULTS OF THE SYNTHESIS: The term "burnout" syndrome was used in the official literature in 1974 by psychologist Herbert Freundenberger. The greatest contribution to the understanding of the theoretical and practical meaning of the concept of its creation was made by the American psychologist Christina Maslach. The onset of burnout syndrome is associated with psychosocial stress in the workplace over a long period of time. Professional conflicts create emotional fatigue, an ambivalent attitude towards work and reduce the feeling of self-esteem. Burnout syndrome occurs in people who perform tasks related to work and communication with people. People who strive for perfectionism, have unrealistically high expectations and assessments related to themselves and their personal work are susceptible to it. Women and men are equally at risk, but it is more common among the unmarried and people with a lower level of education. Burnout at work is a cumulative process that goes through four phases. It is manifested by drastic changes in mood and behavior that are not characteristic of us, but also changes in physical parameters, which can be an alarming sign. Burnout syndrome is present in 48 to 69% of workers in Japan and Taiwan, in about 20% in the United States and in 28 % of workers in European Union countries. The International Classification of Diseases 10th revision describes burnout in Chapter Z73.0, as a state of vital exhaustion. In psychiatry, according to the same revision, this disorder is included in the diagnosis of Adaptation Disorders (F43.2), which is characterized by disorders in social or work or academic functioning. The World Health Organization, with the eleventh revision of the International Classification of Diseases, classified burnout under the code QD85. Burnout refers specifically to phenomena in a professional context and should not be used to describe experiences in other areas of life. The assumptions and plans are that the workplace burnout syndrome will be accepted on a global level and viewed as a disease from January 1, 2022.

CONCLUSION: In the world, Burnout syndrome is recognized as a great challenge due to the serious consequences it has on the health of workers and the functioning of their organizations. Due to its specificity in relation to some other mental states, the best and most effective remedy would be prevention. Prevention involves planning and implementing various activities in order to create an organizational structure that cares about the mental health of its employees, which nurtures trust, support, open communication and maintaining a healthy work environment.

Key words: Burnout syndrome, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, prevention.

Correspondence

Dejan VELJKOVIĆ

Ministry of Internal Affairs

Gendarmerie Detachment in Kraljevo, Serbia

E mail: drdejanveljkovic@gmail.com