Article 3 Issue 2020

UDK 616.31:616.126-002-083

ISSN 2466-2992 (Online) (2020) br.1-2, p. 31-36

COBISS.SR-ID 46908681

PREVENTION OF INFECTIOUS ENDOCARDITIS IN DENTAL INTERVENTIONS - LITERATURE REVIEW

Tatjana Mićić1, Ivana Ilić1, Dušica Janković1, Goran Živković1, Snežana Mitrović1, Milan Elenkov2

1Institute for EMS,Niš, 2 General Hospital Pirot

Summary:

INTRODUCTION: We often have the opportunity to assess the patients’ health safety for a particular emergency dental intervention referred from fellow dentist. One of the specifics of the emergency service is that patients usually come during the night, often from a nearby place, do not bring their medical history, thinking they do not need one, and some even not knowing what they are suffering from and what medications they use.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to define risk groups for the development of infective endocarditis (IE) and to present the latest protocols for its prevention.

METHOD: The available literature from professional publications is analyzed. RESULTS: IE is an infectious-inflammatory process on the heart valves and other structures of the heart that are in contact with the bloodstream. Infectious endocarditis can be caused by bacteria, fungi, rickettsia, and it can also be a mixed infection. In case of late diagnosis and the disease is not treated in time, IE has a high mortality rate. Patients with the highest risk for IE can be classified into three categories: 1) Patients with artificial valves or artificial materials used for valve reconstruction - highest risk for IE, 2) Patients who have already had IE and 3) Patients with untreated congenital heart defects (CHD) and those with congenital heart defects and postoperative palliative shunts, conduits or other artificial materials. Risky dental interventions include manipulation of the gingival and periapical region of the tooth or tearing of the oral mucosa.

CONCLUSION: It is necessary to identify risky patients and risky interventions. In addition to the serious risk to the health and life of the patient, giving consent for a dental or other intervention to a patient whose care history has not been carefully taken and IE prophylaxis has been performed may also have legal consequences. In any intervention, the basic principle in medicine should be kept in mind: "Primum non nocere."

Key words: Infective endocarditis, prophylaxis

Korespondencija/Correspondence

Tatjana MIĆIĆ

Zavod za hitnu medicinsku pomoć Niš

Vojislava Ilića bb

18000 Niš

e-mail: tanjamcc@yahoo.com